The application of phoenix pattern in She nationality paper-cut patterns and the connotation of paper-cut phoenix pattern
The ancient song of the She ethnic group, "The Song of Grandfathers and Grandmothers" praises the kindness and authority of the three princesses. In the minds of the She people, the third princess is the incarnation of a beautiful phoenix, and the phoenix pattern is the symbol of the three princesses. The shadow of the phoenix can be seen everywhere in the lives of She women: they wear phoenix costumes, wear phoenix crowns, and have phoenix buns. Even when they are getting married in the bridal chamber, they also have to look for "phoenix eggs" (red eggs and oranges hidden everywhere in the bridal chamber) to get married. In the hall, it should be written "The Phoenix is ??here". According to villagers' narrations and genealogy records, the ancestral homeland of the She people is Fenghuang Mountain. Banyueli She Village preserves a Qing Dynasty plaque inscribed with "Fengshan Yanqing", which was written by Lei Shiru, a member of the village and a scholar, and refers to: She The ethnic clan originated from Phoenix Mountain, and they celebrated the growth of this reproduction. The couplets that match the horizontal batch are engraved with: "I will not forget the power of Gao Di when I chant, and I want to trace the traces of Fengshan in my journey." Among them, "I want to trace the traces of Fengshan in my journey" means: Even if you are far away and your career is successful, you will always look back at where you came from. Traces of departure from the ancestral land.
Phoenix Mountain is not only an ancestral place of worship, but also an aesthetic object. It is said that the top of the main peak is like a phoenix crown, making Phoenix Mountain like a phoenix about to fly. The She people have an endless connection with the phoenix, and the paper-cut phoenix pattern has also become a totem image worshiped by the She people in eastern Fujian, accounting for a large proportion of the content of the embroidery patterns.
In addition to being numerous in number, the phoenix patterns expressed in the same time and space also focus on multi-angle and all-round expression methods to enhance the richness and vividness of their forms. For example, if several phoenixes appear on an embroidery at the same time, these phoenix patterns will never be just one style or composition. They are embroidered standing, sideways, lying down, chasing and playing, phoenix facing peony, dragon and phoenix facing sun, etc. This avoids duplication. Of course, this may be related to the different positions of the clothing and the different requirements for suitable patterns. The phoenix pattern can appear in different positions on the traditional clothing of the She people in eastern Fujian, but it is often embroidered on the collar or chest. The embroidery in this position means "an auspicious bird descends from the sky."
The patterns in different regions also have their own characteristics. Xiapu phoenix patterns are mostly realistic, and their wingsand head feathers reflect real-life birds. Judging from the dozens of paper-cut aprons collected by Lei Qisong in Banyueli Village, various peonies are in the center of the apron. The left and right phoenixes turn sideways to the peonies. Most of their wings are symmetrically opened in front, and the phoenix tail is zigzag and extended, which is particularly conspicuous and exaggerated. , the graphics are lively and full, light and yet luxurious. Relatively speaking, the phoenix patterns of the Luoyuan She people are more abstract. From the embroidery work of Lei Yinsui and her grandmother in Fuhu Village, we found that on handkerchiefs, aprons, etc., the phoenix head echoes the phoenix tail backwards, in the shape of combing feathers, although it is static. , but it presents a dynamic beauty. The wings and tail are highly summarized and expressed in thicker lines with zigzag edges. The phoenix is ??paired with peonies, dragons and butterflies, leaving a certain gap between them to make the pattern dense, full and generous.
