The cutting and carving characteristics generated by Chinese folk paper-cutting scissors and knives
Paper-cutting uses materials such as paper, gold and silver foil, and uses tools such as scissors or carving knives to create various images by cutting, carving, tearing and other methods to create virtuality and reality through hollowing out. The cutting and engraving methods mainly include the Yin shearing method, the Yang shearing method, the combination of Yin and Yang and other shearing methods. Different cutting and engraving characteristics are generated according to the different cutting and engraving methods.
The art of paper-cutting has the characteristics of "everlasting cuts and endless cuts", and its unique "knife-cut flavor" is unmatched by other art categories. In the process of cutting and carving, scissors and knives will produce two expressive effects: one is hollowing out (or showing the lines being disconnected), and the other is hooking up (or showing the lines being connected). Among them, line is the most basic "language element". Its discontinuity, thickness, complexity and simplicity are all very particular. It requires long-term practical experience to manage every picture well. The lines of the undercut are all disconnected, giving people a blocky and rough aesthetic. Northern paper-cuts (also called window cuts) are generally made with scissors, which move across the paper surface, often using large surfaces and thick and powerful negative lines. For example, in the work "Magpie Climbs the Plum Blossom", the magpie only takes its large shape and uses negative lines to organize the picture. It does not pay attention to details and is often relatively simple. The cutting method is black and white, with orderly ups and downs. It has a rough, powerful, low and smooth style. Lord, it makes people feel solid, naive and simple. Colored paper-cuts are also mostly shade-cut, such as the opera paper-cuts of Wang Laoshang in Yuxian County, Hebei Province. They are similar to the white text in a seal, with the knife cutting off the meaning and giving people a rough, simple and lively feeling. Each line of Yang Shen must be connected to each other, and the connection must be compact, the echo must be coherent, natural and appropriate, and have a certain degree of integrity.
"The Magpie Climbing the Plum Blossoms" Jiaozhou Anonymous
Southern paper-cutting is mainly based on engraving, also called paper cutting. It mostly expresses Yang-engraved paper-cutting, which is more realistic. When carving a work, use a knife perpendicular to the paper. Long lines can be cut with a knife, and short lines can be cut with a cutter. It is suitable for making circles, rotating patterns, patterns and other graphics, and has a certain sense of strength. The technique is relatively skilled, the shape is beautiful, the workmanship is rigorous, and the lines are relatively smooth, giving people a delicate beauty.. For example, Guangdong Chaozhou Ma Ruilans opera paper-cut "A Fierce Woman Revenges Her Husband" is expressed with incised lines. The figures, tables, etc. in the work retain the outlines, and the blank parts other than the outlines are carved out. The lines are resolute and elastic. The cutting speed is smooth and smooth, which is beautiful and transparent. The combination of yin and yang is the most commonly used form of paper-cutting. For example, the Zhejiang opera paper-cut "Jade Bracelet Picking Up" during the Republic of China made good use of the combination of yin and yang. The main shape emphasizes the large image effect, and thin negative lines are cut out in the image, which is set against the yang-engraved background. The combination of the two fully embodies the beauty of the figure. The composition of the entire paper-cut pattern changes vividly, with thick and thin, appropriate density, virtual and real, prominent key points, and bright black and white.
"Opera Characters" Hebei Wang Laoshang
In addition, because different paper-cutting artists have different styles and incorporate emotional factors, they reflect the artists creative mood at that time. For example, in the "Happy" and "Happy" cuts, long straight lines, arcs and other lines are cut all the way to the end, and the lines are even, smooth and lively; the "Angry" lines are straight and straight, requiring fast, stiff and unsmooth, crisp and neat shapes. Rugged and unsophisticated; when cutting "sad" emotions, the cutting is not smooth, and the lines are relatively long and thin, weak and weak; "frightened" lines are generally discontinuous, asymmetrical, irregular, mostly trembling, rarely trembling There is a scissor to the end, which looks frustrated and astringent.
"A Fierce Woman Revenges Her Husband" Chaozhou Ma Ruilan
Of course, there are many other characteristics of paper-cutting, but overall, its characteristics are simplicity, simplicity, orderliness, strong contrast, and high artistic value.
"Jade Bracelet Picking Up" Zhejiang Anonymous
