Structural tension in the composition of Manchu folk paper-cutting
Change is eternal in the world, and everything is in motion. In addition to the fact that the earth itself is in motion, this movement also has a basic dynamic factor - the tension in the structure. As long as an object is in a certain formal structure, it will inevitably have a tension relationship with the space in which it is located. Kant pointed out: "People call the expansion force (tension) of matter elasticity. The reason is that it is based on the fullness of space (structure) as an attribute of all matter. Therefore, this elasticity should be regarded as the original principle Because it is derived from the only property of matter, therefore, all matter is inherently elastic." Kant pointed out that the tension in the structure is not an external driving force and has universal significance. When the image in the Manchu folk paper-cut art divides the space, the image is also limited by the space. When the visual tension of the figure is generated, the opposite force is also generated in the space. In the Manchu folk paper-cutting art, the unity of opposites in tension has the following factors:
(1) Tangible and Intangible Forces The so-called tangible force refers to the force image that appears visually after the shape, while the invisible force refers to the force image that appears visually after the space is divided by the form. Using positive and negative graphics under the action of tension, a smooth artistic space is created.
(2) Dynamic and static forces Dynamic and static forces are relative to the movement speed of visual force. In the formal structure, any form is in motion, and the moving form will inevitably be restricted by a spatial force of relative stillness or relative motion. In this way, a contrast of visual tension is formed. The characters and the surrounding animals are full of dynamic shapes in appearance, while other shapes are relatively static. The two visual images form a contrast between movement and stillness, making the picture full of life.
(3) Expansion force and cohesion Expansion force refers to the visual tension that expands from the center to the periphery. Utilizing black and white graphics creates visual expansion and cohesion. The arc that curves from the inside to the outside and the curve that gradually changes from the outside to the inside can give people a corresponding visual force, forming a unity of opposites between the power of expansion and the power of cohesion. The shape of the central figure has an outward expansion force, while the surrounding arcs have an inward inclination.The cohesion of the two visual forces constitutes the unity of opposites between the power of expansion and the power of cohesion. Therefore, tension constitutes the formal structure, and tension constitutes the order of beauty.
