The inheritance and development of Zhongyang Luliang folk paper-cutting
The creation of culture is related to the natural ecology and geographical environment. It is the invention, creation and development and utilization of nature by humans under a certain natural environment. Human beings must survive in a certain geographical space environment and must be in harmony with the natural environment. adapt to it and actively utilize nature, thereby creating different cultural styles.
As a form of cultural expression, folk art not only reflects the relationship between art and the natural environment, but is also an art style rich in different natural ecological and geographical characteristics. Zhongyang paper-cutting is mainly distributed in the Nanchuan River Basin, Liujiaping area and Xishan remote mountainous area in Zhongyang County. The folk paper-cutting style of the Nanchuan River Basin is delicate, simple and elegant, and occupies a mainstream position in Zhongyang paper-cutting; the paper-cutting style of the Liujiaping area is simple and vigorous; the paper-cutting style of the window grilles in the remote areas of Xishan is rough and vigorous, and is dependent on the style of the Nanchuan River Basin paper-cutting The coexistence enriches the content of Zhongyang paper-cutting. This difference in geographical distribution of Zhongyang paper-cutting is very obviously reflected in the paper-cutting works. In terms of the content, subject matter, and actual functions of paper-cutting, there is little difference between paper-cutting in the three regions. However, in terms of creative methods, technical styles, inheritance characteristics, etc., paper-cutting in the Nanchuan River Basin is similar to paper-cutting in the Liujiaping area and the remote mountainous areas of Xishan. Big difference. Because the Nanchuan River Basin is located in Pingchuan and at the center of the entire county, it has more opportunities to accept foreign culture and new things. Folk paper-cutting artists in this area also accept more new culture and new ideas, and at the same time they can accept The new culture and new ideas were quickly reflected in paper-cut works, resulting in many innovations in traditional paper-cutting. The most prominent feature is that the content of paper-cutting mostly reflects recent major domestic events. For example, recently, paper-cutting artists have created a series of paper-cuttings that reflect the seventeen major themes. Their paper-cutting styles are delicate and the lines are slender, giving people a sense of refinement. In addition to the traditional female paper-cutting artists in this area, there are also men.
Representative paper-cutting artists include Wang Jiru, one of the top ten inheritors of the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage protection projects (paper-cutting) announced by the State Council in 2007; former director of the Cultural Center and vice president of Shanxi Paper-cutting Association Comrade Wu Yisheng, as well as several other paper-cutting inheritors, most of these artists are educated and have the ability to accept new things.Stronger, reflected in paper-cutting, it can reflect the characteristics of the new era. In contrast, the paper-cuts in Liujiaping and remote mountainous areas of Xishan maintain a strong sense of originality. Judging from the creators, all the creators in these two places are women. Famous paper-cutting experts include Gao Cuiping, Gao Zhufan, etc. They are all rural housewives, living at the grassroots level, working endlessly every day, participating in farming, digging, They do outdoor manual labor such as herding cattle and cutting grass, as well as trivial household chores such as raising pigs, feeding chickens, and taking care of children. Only during the slack seasons and ordinary nights can I find time to cut paper. The paper-cutting style of these two areas is rough, and the content mostly reflects the daily life of the people, maintaining the original characteristics. At the same time, the paper-cutting in this area has almost no commercial atmosphere, and more truly reflects the peoples thoughts and emotions, and also reflects the local development history.
However, whether it is paper-cutting in the Nanchuan River Basin or in the remote mountainous areas of Liujiaping and Xishan, there is a serious problem, that is, as the paper-cutting artists grow older, the inheritance of paper-cutting skills has become a big problem. The average age of current paper-cutting artists is over 60 years old, and the skills of the so-called new paper-cutting artists are still far behind those of those paper-cutting artists. Moreover, modern people have a mentality of eager for quick success and quick success. It will inevitably affect the true inheritance of paper-cutting skills. In recent years, as the county party committee and government have attached great importance to the development of paper-cutting art, a university for the elderly was established in 2005, hiring famous local paper-cutting artists to teach, cultivating a group of paper-cutting enthusiasts, enriching the team of local paper-cutting artists, and at the same time promoting paper-cutting. The protection of art plays a very good role. In 2007, the county also established a Paper-cutting Art Processing Co., Ltd. to absorb local paper-cutting artists for production. This is of course a good thing and can solve the life problems of paper-cutting artists. But at the same time, some problems have arisen. Since paper-cutting is mostly produced according to the requirements of merchants, the quality will inevitably be rough, and the content of paper-cutting is also greatly restricted. Many artists cannot create according to their true wishes. , paper-cut works have problems such as shoddy production, mutual plagiarism and even self-repetition. The reasons hidden behind them are mainly driven by economic interests. Therefore, economic development and pursuit have affected the development of Zhongyang paper-cutting as a folk art style, and the mixed positive and negative factors are obvious to all.
