The integrity of conformal composition in Chinese folk paper-cut patterns
In Chinese folk paper-cutting, it is emphasized that "the picture must be intentional and the meaning must be auspicious", the composition is full and complete, and the whole is beautiful. The pursuit of a conformable, full, complete and complete composition structure embodies this unique folk aesthetic concept, and also reflects the simple psychology and aesthetics of paper-cutting artists.
"Hun Doll" Shaanxi Hu Fenglian
The composition of paper-cutting pursues the structure of "perfect merit and virtue", unfolding layout changes in unity. The paper-cut image elements adopt symmetry and balance to form a cohesive force between various parts to achieve harmony and completeness. Under the psychological influence of "perfection", paper-cutting artists' pursuit not only enriches the formal characteristics of paper-cutting art, but also makes the symbolic meaning of paper-cutting appear just right. Since most paper-cutting artists are housewives, their works fully reflect the concept of advocating perfect composition. They pay attention to the happiness of their families and pay attention to the harmonious beauty of "the unity of nature and man". This traditional cultural concept of "the unity of nature and man" and the aesthetic psychology of advocating "perfection" are also reflected in their paper-cut art style. . For example, when cutting and carving plants, they often cut out the roots. This not only shows the integrity of the object, but also expresses their understanding and emphasis on the roots. This is also the continuation of life by the combination of yin and yang, and also illustrates the traditional ideological concepts. The complete composition concept formed.
"Five Poison Gourd" Binzhou Anonymous
Most of the works in paper-cutting appear in the form of conformal composition, and conformity prominently expresses the advocating for a complete and perfect composition structure. The composition structure of this kind of paper-cut pattern is an ingenious technique of seeking change within limits by making clever use of the physical structural relationship between objects and images, making the image change with the shape itself in a certain shape space, and being arranged according to the outer frame, making them It becomes a form of composition that has its own characteristics but is interdependent and restrictive, and ultimately reconstructs a more perfect and meaningful composition. Li Huiyings paper-cut "Four-Happiness Dolls" in Qingyang, Gansu uses the common shape in the conformal composition, that is, the outlines of the human figure and the shape coincide with each other and become part of each other. The space of the characters is interspersed appropriately, which is full of fun and makes the composition more complete and interesting. Full, the theme is more distinct, the image is more prominent, and the picture has more visual impact.
"Whole Flower" Jiaozhou Wang Ruiqin
Conformal composition attaches great importance to the integrity of the picture. Paper-cutting artists like to make objects full and round to express their perfect shape and make the composition richer. In the composition of the picture, there are faces from the front and bodies from the side, visible or unseen, and at the same time they are all represented on the picture with extremely complete images. This combination of multiple perspectives highlights the theme, emphasizes the perfection of the whole, and pursues the integrity of the picture form. They often observe things from multiple aspects, multiple angles, multiple levels and even multiple moments, and appear in a state that seems "unintentional" but embodies "intentional". They do not stick to the limitations of a certain point, but adopt a Seek a complete approach. The integrity of the picture form requires a full image, not limited by time and space, and expresses the authors strong thoughts and feelings, which is an ideal pursuit. This not only allows the content of the work to be fully expressed, but also the form of the work to be perfectly reflected. At the same time, it also reflects the "holistic consciousness" of the integration of subject and object emphasized in traditional Chinese aesthetics. Paper-cutting artists take "the whole as a beautiful, complete and perfect" as their creative purpose, and strive to pursue a conformable, full and complete composition as an important feature of paper-cutting composition. For example, Hu Fenglians paper-cut "Doll with a Bun" from Ansai, Shaanxi Province, expresses a frontal shape. In order to make the characters dynamics fit the shape, the whole body and limbs of the character are displayed on the picture together, making the composition of the whole picture rich and full. Its lines are steady, smooth and powerful, its characters are majestic, harmonious and vivid, and it has a strong sense of wholeness. Character handsThey are unfolded without covering each other to maintain the integrity and perfection of each part. The animals, flowers and plants in the picture are vividly expressed. This is also the authors pursuit of the completeness of the composition of things. Binzhou paper-cut "Five Poison Gourd", in order to fit the shape of the gourd, the author filled the entire picture with the images of the five poisons, and cleverly connected them with lines, which was just right. At the same time, the image of the five poisons is expressed vividly and intuitively through the gourd. The image of the five poisons is difficult to see in reality, breaking the constraints of perspective. It is a fantasy that is contrary to common sense and full of subjective intentionality. In reality, it can only be seen through an Achieve a plump and complete effect. The paper-cut "Full Flowers" is a work from the authors hometown. There is a custom in the authors hometown that during weddings and celebrations, several pieces of whole flowers are cut and pasted on various utensils. "Quan" and "Tuan" are homophonic, which is called Tuanhua. Among them, ax (fortune), wishful thinking, fish, copper coins, longevity and other patterns are used to reconstruct a conformable and complete circular composition, hoping that the newly combined family will be reunited and happy.
"Four Happy Dolls" Li Huiying, Qingyang, Gansu
The complete compositional characteristics pursued by folk paper-cutting can be said to be the reflection of the soul of paper-cutting artists pursuing their ideal and perfect life.
