The aesthetic appeal of Shaanxi folk paper-cutting
1 The form is full and the whole is beautiful
Traditional paper-cutting pursues the artistic conception of "ethereal" and "unity of man and nature", stresses that "the picture must be intentional and the meaning must be auspicious", focusing on an idealized "spiritual" feature and the blending of "emotion" and "reason" realm. In a square or rounded paper-cut, no matter it is a character, animal, plant, or scene, try to show it as comprehensively and without defects. We strive to fill in the blanks skillfully and show the full state. We do not pay attention to the truthfulness in terms of scientific perspective, proportion, and composition. characterization. In folk paper-cutting, most of the images depicted are complete and complete, such as Ku Shulans flower-cutting lady, paper-cutting cow, bun-grabbing doll, etc. Whether it is the front or the side, their hands, feet, ears and eyes must be displayed on the picture. , the expression technique is very complete, and the ancient Chinese traditional aesthetics and the beautiful consciousness deep in peoples thoughts are integrated into his works. Another example is round cut flowers. There are perfect circles, ovals, semicircles, irregular circles, deformed circles and other circles of different shapes, sizes and colors. They may exist alone, or within a circle, or within a circle. Circles are superimposed, arranged in an orderly manner, or gradually changed in size. It is really round, round, complete and full, with rich, colorful and ever-changing forms, and has the typical and perfect characteristics of decorative shapes. It can be said that the pursuit of perfect shape reflects peoples simple psychology of pursuing an ideal life.
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2The beauty of vivid composition
Most paper-cut works emphasize the composition of free and smooth lines and color blocks, fully reflecting the "big" style. But at the same time, we also pay attention to the subtle depiction of local parts. According to different composition and creative requirements, the cutting method pays great attention to the treatment of circles, sharp points, squares, gaps, lines, etc. It is required to be round like the bright moon, sharp like wheat awns, square like green bricks, missing jagged edges, and lines like beards, etc. These artistic compositions that seem to be carried out inadvertently reveal the scientific nature and formal sense of artistic creation everywhere, such as the transformation of points, lines, and plane shapes, areas, proportions, and movements, the priority and concise summary of lines, and the richness of forms. Changeable, ingenious composition, and rhythmic expression of formwait. The contrast and harmony of colors form the "beauty of rhythm"; the contrast and harmony of shapes and colors form the "beauty of harmony". These all show obvious characteristics of artistic decoration. Therefore, the essential characteristics of art are fully reflected in the special form of expression of paper-cutting.
Different from other art categories, the plastic concept of folk art is composed of various folklore and cultural contents (such as folk rumors, folk operas, folk customs and beliefs, etc.) passed down from generation to generation, and is "conceptual" The characteristics of "art as we know it"; and the current plastic concept of art education is based on the realistic purpose of objective reproduction, as well as related modern scientific knowledge (perspective, anatomy, color science), so It has the characteristics of "visual" "art of sight". Therefore, starting from their different conceptual systems, they constructed completely different image worlds. The former is a conceptual and ideal subjective image; the latter is Visual and realistic natural objects, as well as conceptual and subjective images, allow the artistry of paper-cutting to have greater creative space in the composition process, forming its own unique compositional beauty.
3 Diversity of themes
The particularity of paper-cutting art has created a simple and simple aesthetic characteristics, but the field it represents has a broad range. Judging from the content of Shaanxi folk paper-cutting, there are historical events that have been spread for a long time, and there are also beautiful and moving myths and legends; there are opera characters that are well-known to women and children, and there are also vivid and sincere love stories; there are subjective depictions of the dream world, and there are even more real-world scenes. objective reproduction. These themes are not only true portrayals of things or life phenomena, but also contain deeper cultural connotations through the combination of specific images and other images. For example, the more commonly used fish shapes include fish playing with lotus and lotus, fish wearing lotus, lotus giving birth to children, etc. The purpose of their expression is not to portray nature, but to embody and praise the important theme of human life reproduction. There are also many flower-cut ballads, such as "There are many seeds in the lotus shell, and a precious son will come to my house", "Peach, durian, and wheat in the bowl of Buddhas hand, and the fish will play with the lotus and the precious son will come", etc., all of which vividly and clearly explain the image of the work. The inner meaning reflects the richness and variety of Chinese traditional culture.
4 The perfect combination of romanticism and realism
Shaanxi folk paper-cutting is a product of Shaanxi folk customs in Chinese culture. It exists and develops in dependence on life customs. It has a strong flavor of life and strong regional characteristics. Its form of expression is frank and rich, with rich imagination and special visual beauty, as well as romantic symbolic techniques. The spots on the sika deers body seem to beA plum blossom in full bloom symbolizes the joy of getting rich; the old ox pulling a cart is compared to an old man pulling a cart to symbolize the love between mother and child in the world; the pattern of "five poisons" is cut out on the tigers body, which not only has a rich decorative taste, but also It has more practical significance, that is, the tiger has eaten the "five poisons" into its stomach. In this way, it not only adds interest but also makes it more beautiful. The theme of paper-cutting comes from the original form of natural objects, giving full play to ones own imagination and creative thinking from long-term life practice, coupled with the rich image thinking characteristics of female creative subjects, making it both exaggerated and exaggerated on the basis of sketching. Imaginative and full of mythical symbolic meaning, it embodies the perceptual aesthetic characteristics of Eastern art that does not seek physical resemblance, but spiritual resemblance. The perfect combination of romanticism and realism in folk paper-cut art fully embodies the aesthetic concept of this oriental art. From this point of view, the aesthetics of the relationship between physical and spiritual similarities in the field of art are the same.
