Archimedes (287 BC - 212 BC), a great ancient Greek philosopher, encyclopedic scientist, mathematician, physicist, Mechanics, the founder of static mechanics and hydrostatics, and enjoys the reputation of "Father of Mechanics". Archimedes, Gauss and Newton are ranked as the three major mathematicians in the world. [1] Archimedes once said: "Give me a fulcrum and I can lift the entire earth." Archimedes established the basic principles of statics and hydrostatics. Many methods are given for finding the center of gravity of geometric figures, including the center of gravity of a figure enclosed by a parabola and its parallel chords. Archimedes proved that the buoyant force on an object in a liquid is equal to the weight of the liquid it displaces, a result that became known as Archimedes' principle. He also gave the criteria for the equilibrium stability of a positive parabolic rotating body floating in a liquid. The machinery invented by Archimedes includes the water spiral for diverting water, the lever and pulley machinery that can move a fully loaded ship, and the Earth-moon-sun movement model that can explain the phenomena of solar and lunar eclipses. However, he believed that mechanical inventions were inferior to pure mathematics, so he did not write any books in this area. Archimedes also used the continuous division method to find the volume of ellipsoids, rotating paraboloids, etc. This method already has the prototype of integral calculation.
