Sir Isaac Newton (January 4, 1643 - March 31, 1727), President of the Royal Society, a famous British physicist Scientist, encyclopedic "all-rounder", author of "Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy" and "Optics".
In his paper "Laws of Nature" published in 1687, he described universal gravitation and the three laws of motion. These descriptions established the scientific view of the physical world for the next three centuries and became the basis of modern engineering. By demonstrating the consistency between Keplers laws of planetary motion and his theory of gravity, he showed that the motions of ground objects and celestial bodies follow the same natural laws; he provided strong theoretical support for the heliocentric theory and promoted the Scientific revolution.
In mechanics, Newton clarified the principles of conservation of momentum and angular momentum, and proposed Newtons laws of motion. In optics, he invented the reflecting telescope and developed a theory of color based on observations of prisms diverging white light into the visible spectrum. He also formulated the laws of cooling and studied the speed of sound.
In mathematics, Newton shares the credit of developing calculus with Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz. He also proved the generalized binomial theorem, proposed "Newtons method" to approach the zero point of a function, and contributed to the study of power series.
In economics, Newton proposed the gold standard system.
